Eucharist as Sacrifice
The Eucharist is not only the real presence of Christ but also His supreme sacrifice made present to us. In every Mass, the one sacrifice of Jesus Christ on the Cross is re-presented, not repeated, offering the faithful a direct participation in His redemptive act. This sacrificial dimension of the Eucharist is central to Catholic faith and worship.
The Biblical Foundation of the Eucharistic Sacrifice
The concept of sacrifice is deeply rooted in the Scriptures. In the Old Testament, God established a covenant with His people through sacrificial offerings, such as the Passover lamb (Exodus 12). These sacrifices foreshadowed the ultimate sacrifice of Christ, the true Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world (John 1:29).
At the Last Supper, Jesus instituted the Eucharist as the new and eternal covenant, saying, "This is My Body, which is given for you... This is My Blood, which is poured out for you" (Luke 22:19-20). By these words, Christ united the Eucharist with His sacrifice on Calvary, making it clear that the Mass is a sacrificial offering.
The Eucharist and the One Sacrifice of Christ
The Catholic Church teaches that the Eucharist is the same sacrifice as that of the Cross, though offered in an unbloody manner. The Council of Trent affirmed that in the Holy Mass, "the same Christ who offered Himself once in a bloody manner on the altar of the Cross is contained and is offered in an unbloody manner" (Session 22, Chapter 2). This means that the sacrifice of Christ is not repeated but made present at every Mass.
This teaching is reflected in the words of St. Paul: "For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until He comes" (1 Corinthians 11:26). The Eucharistic sacrifice allows believers to participate in Christ’s offering to the Father, uniting their prayers, sufferings, and lives with His perfect sacrifice.
The Eucharist and the Church’s Sacrificial Offering
The Eucharistic sacrifice is also the sacrifice of the Church. As the Body of Christ, the Church offers herself with Christ to the Father. This is why the priest, acting in the person of Christ, prays during the Mass: "Pray, brothers and sisters, that my sacrifice and yours may be acceptable to God, the Almighty Father." The faithful, therefore, are called to offer their own sacrifices—prayers, sufferings, and good works—in union with Christ’s sacrifice in the Eucharist.
The Transformative Power of the Eucharistic Sacrifice
Receiving the Eucharist with faith strengthens believers to live sacrificially. Just as Christ gave Himself completely, those who partake in His Body and Blood are called to offer themselves in love and service to others. The Eucharist transforms hearts, calling the faithful to imitate Christ in their daily lives.
St. Augustine beautifully expressed this when he said: "Be what you see; receive what you are" (Sermon 272). In other words, those who receive the Eucharist are called to become a living sacrifice, mirroring Christ’s love and self-giving.
Conclusion
The Eucharist is the supreme sacrifice of Christ, made present in the Holy Mass, allowing us to unite ourselves with His redemptive offering. It is not merely a remembrance but a real participation in the one, eternal sacrifice of the Cross. Through the Eucharist, we are strengthened to live sacrificially, imitating Christ’s love and bringing His presence into the world.
As we approach the altar, let us do so with faith and reverence, offering our lives to God, just as Christ offered Himself for us.